European Mast Cell and
Basophil Research Network

Directional mast cell degranulation of tumornecrosis factor into blood vessels primes neutrophilextravasation

Summary

Tissue resident mast cells (MCs) rapidly initiate neutrophil infiltration upon inflammatory insult, yet the molecular mechanism is still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that MC-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was crucial for neutrophil extravasation to sites of contact hypersensitivity-induced skin inflammation by promoting intraluminal crawling. MC-derived TNF directly primed circulating neutrophils via TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1) while being dispensable for endothelial cell activation. The MC-derived TNF was infused into the bloodstream by directional degranulation of perivascular MCs that were part of the vascular unit with access to the vessel lumen. Consistently, intravenous administration of MC granules boosted neutrophil extravasation. Pronounced and rapid intravascular MC degranulation was also observed upon IgE crosslinking or LPs challenge indicating a universal MC potential. Consequently, the directional MC degranulation of pro-inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream may represent an important target for therapeutic approaches aimed at dampening cytokine storm syndromes or shock symptoms, or intentionally pushing immune defense.

Links:

Comment in Nature Reviews in Immunology (free access): www.nature.com/articles/s41577-021-00509-y
Comment from the Deitsche Gesellschaft für Immunologie (im Deutsch): dgfi.org/mastzellen-waechter-und-schnelle-boten-in-der-immunabwehr
Comment from the German Society of Immunology (in English): research-news.org/2021/02/04/mast-cells-sentinels-and-high-speed-messengers-of-the-immune-defense/

Citation

Directional mast cell degranulation of tumor necrosis factor into blood vessels primes neutrophil extravasation Immunity 2021 Jan 15;S1074-7613(20)30545-8. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.017. Online ahead of print. Jan Dudeck, Johanna Kotrba, Roland Immler, Aaron Hoffmann, Martin Voss, Vasileia Ismini Alexaki, Lorena Morton, Stephan René Jahn, Konstantinos Katsoulis-Dimitriou, Simon Winzer, Georg Kollias, Thomas Fischer, Sergei A Nedospasov, Ildiko Rita Dunay, Triantafyllos Chavakis, Andreas J Müller, Burkhart Schraven, Markus Sperandio, Anne Dudeck PMID: 33484643 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.12.017

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